Regularizer that encourages input vectors to be orthogonal to each other.

It can be applied to either the rows of a matrix (mode="rows") or its columns (mode="columns"). When applied to a Dense kernel of shape (input_dim, units), rows mode will seek to make the feature vectors (i.e. the basis of the output space) orthogonal to each other.

Usage

regularizer_orthogonal(factor = 0.01, mode = "rows")

Arguments

factor

Float. The regularization factor. The regularization penalty will be proportional to factor times the mean of the dot products between the L2-normalized rows (if mode="rows", or columns if mode="columns") of the inputs, excluding the product of each row/column with itself. Defaults to 0.01.

mode

String, one of {"rows", "columns"}. Defaults to "rows". In rows mode, the regularization effect seeks to make the rows of the input orthogonal to each other. In columns mode, it seeks to make the columns of the input orthogonal to each other.

Value

A Regularizer instance that can be passed to layer constructors or used as a standalone object.

Examples

regularizer <- regularizer_orthogonal(factor=0.01)
layer <- layer_dense(units=4, kernel_regularizer=regularizer)

See also

• https://keras.io/api/layers/regularizers#orthogonalregularizer-class

Other regularizers:
regularizer_l1()
regularizer_l1_l2()
regularizer_l2()